|
Sign In to gain access to subscriptions and/or personal tools.
|
Autism, Vol. 1, No. 2,
135-162 (1997)
DOI: 10.1177/1362361397012003
Diagnosis in Autism
A Survey of Over 1200 Patients in the UK
Patricia Howlin
St George's Hospital Medical School, London, UK
Anna Moorf
Guy's Hospital, London, UK
The results of a survey of almost I300 parent members of autistic societies in the UK are described. The ages of their children ranged from 2 to 49 years. The survey focused on parents' views of the diagnostic process and data were collected on the age at which diagnosis was made, the time taken to obtain a diagnosis and the professionals involved. Differences in geographical area were also assessed. Overall, the results indicate that children are now being diagnosed earlier than in previous decades, but the average age of diagnosis is still around 6 years. There are also wide regional variations in diagnosis. The survey indicates that many parents continue to experience lengthy and often frustrating delays before they finally receive a diagnosis. Moreover, even when this process is completed, the amount of practical help subsequently provided is generally very limited. Factors related to parental satisfaction with the diagnostic process are discussed in detail.
Key Words: diagnosis • parent views • UK survey
 CiteULike  Connotea  Del.icio.us  Digg  Reddit  Technorati What's this?
This article has been cited by other articles:
|
|
|
|
 
J. Brian, S.E. Bryson, N. Garon, W. Roberts, I.M. Smith, P. Szatmari, and L. Zwaigenbaum
Clinical assessment of autism in high-risk 18-month-olds
Autism,
September 1, 2008;
12(5):
433 - 456.
[Abstract]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
L. A. Osborne and P. Reed
Parents' perceptions of communication with professionals during the diagnosis of autism
Autism,
May 1, 2008;
12(3):
309 - 324.
[Abstract]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
A.H.A. Latif and W.R. Williams
Diagnostic trends in autistic spectrum disorders in the South Wales valleys
Autism,
November 1, 2007;
11(6):
479 - 487.
[Abstract]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
C. P. Johnson, S. M. Myers, and and the Council on Children With Disabilities
Identification and Evaluation of Children With Autism Spectrum Disorders
Pediatrics,
November 1, 2007;
120(5):
1183 - 1215.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
R. J. Landa, K. C. Holman, and E. Garrett-Mayer
Social and Communication Development in Toddlers With Early and Later Diagnosis of Autism Spectrum Disorders
Arch Gen Psychiatry,
July 1, 2007;
64(7):
853 - 864.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
V. B. Gupta, S. L. Hyman, C. P. Johnson, J. Bryant, B. Byers, R. Kallen, S. E. Levy, S. M. Myers, A. I. Rosenblatt, and M. Yeargin-Allsopp
Identifying Children With Autism Early?
Pediatrics,
January 1, 2007;
119(1):
152 - 153.
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
H. Niederhofer, S. K. Damodharan, R. Joji, and A. Corfield
Letters to the editors.
Autism,
November 1, 2006;
10(6):
647 - 650.
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
R. P. Goin-Kochel, V. H. Mackintosh, and B. J. Myers
How many doctors does it take to make an autism spectrum diagnosis?
Autism,
September 1, 2006;
10(5):
439 - 451.
[Abstract]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. W. Harrington, P. A. Patrick, K. S. Edwards, and D. A. Brand
Parental beliefs about autism: Implications for the treating physician.
Autism,
September 1, 2006;
10(5):
452 - 462.
[Abstract]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
E. Dale, A. Jahoda, and F. Knott
Mothers' attributions following their child's diagnosis of autistic spectrum disorder: Exploring links with maternal levels of stress,depression and expectations about their child's future.
Autism,
September 1, 2006;
10(5):
463 - 479.
[Abstract]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
D. S. Mandell, M. M. Novak, and C. D. Zubritsky
Factors Associated With Age of Diagnosis Among Children With Autism Spectrum Disorders
Pediatrics,
December 1, 2005;
116(6):
1480 - 1486.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. Williams, F. Scott, C. Stott, C. Allison, P. Bolton, S. Baron-Cohen, and C. Brayne
The CAST (Childhood Asperger Syndrome Test): Test accuracy
Autism,
February 1, 2005;
9(1):
45 - 68.
[Abstract]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
R. F. Palmer, S. Blanchard, C. R. Jean, and D. S. Mandell
School District Resources and Identification of Children With Autistic Disorder
Am J Public Health,
January 1, 2005;
95(1):
125 - 130.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
C. R. Gomez and S. Baird
Identifying Early Indicators for Autism in Self-Regulation Difficulties
Focus on Autism and Other Developmental Disabilities,
January 1, 2005;
20(2):
106 - 116.
[Abstract]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
A. M. Hutton and S. L. Caron
Experiences of Families With Children With Autism in Rural New England
Focus on Autism and Other Developmental Disabilities,
January 1, 2005;
20(3):
180 - 189.
[Abstract]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
W. Mansell and K. Morris
A survey of parents' reactions to the diagnosis of an autistic spectrum disorder by a local service: Access to information and use of services
Autism,
December 1, 2004;
8(4):
387 - 407.
[Abstract]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
I. Noens and I. van Berckelaer-Onnes
Making Sense in a Fragmentary World: Communication in People with Autism and Learning Disability
Autism,
June 1, 2004;
8(2):
197 - 218.
[Abstract]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
D. Keen and S. Ward
Autistic Spectrum Disorder: A Child Population Profile
Autism,
March 1, 2004;
8(1):
39 - 48.
[Abstract]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
R. L. Young, N. Brewer, and C. Pattison
Parental Identification of Early Behavioural Abnormalities in Children with Autistic Disorder
Autism,
June 1, 2003;
7(2):
125 - 143.
[Abstract]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
C. A. Brogan and C. Knussen
The Disclosure of a Diagnosis of an Autistic Spectrum Disorder: Determinants of Satisfaction in a Sample of Scottish Parents
Autism,
March 1, 2003;
7(1):
31 - 46.
[Abstract]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
V. Moore and S. Goodson
How Well Does Early Diagnosis of Autism Stand the Test of Time?: Follow-Up Study of Children Assessed for Autism at Age 2 and Development of an Early Diagnostic Service
Autism,
March 1, 2003;
7(1):
47 - 63.
[Abstract]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. Yeargin-Allsopp, C. Rice, T. Karapurkar, N. Doernberg, C. Boyle, and C. Murphy
Prevalence of Autism in a US Metropolitan Area
JAMA,
January 1, 2003;
289(1):
49 - 55.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
P. Whitaker
Supporting Families of Preschool Children with Autism: What Parents Want and what Helps
Autism,
December 1, 2002;
6(4):
411 - 426.
[Abstract]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
F. J. Scott, S. Baron-Cohen, P. Bolton, and C. Brayne
Brief Report Prevalence of Autism Spectrum Conditions in Children Aged 5-11 Years in Cambridgeshire, UK
Autism,
September 1, 2002;
6(3):
231 - 237.
[Abstract]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
H. Honda and Y. Shimizu
Early Intervention System for Preschool Children with Autism in the Community: The Discovery Approach in Yokohama, Japan
Autism,
September 1, 2002;
6(3):
239 - 257.
[Abstract]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
E. Fombonne
Prevalence of Childhood Disintegrative Disorder
Autism,
June 1, 2002;
6(2):
149 - 157.
[Abstract]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
F. J. Scott, S. Baron-Cohen, P. Bolton, and C. Brayne
The CAST (Childhood Asperger Syndrome Test): Preliminary Development of a UK Screen for Mainstream Primary-School-Age Children
Autism,
March 1, 2002;
6(1):
9 - 31.
[Abstract]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. Chandler, P. Christie, E. Newson, and W. Prevezer
Developing a Diagnostic and Intervention Package for 2 to 3-Year-Olds with Autism: Outcomes of the Frameworks for Communication approach
Autism,
March 1, 2002;
6(1):
47 - 69.
[Abstract]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. Eikeseth, T. Smith, E. Jahr, and S. Eldevik
Intensive Behavioral Treatment at School for 4- to 7-Year-Old Children with Autism: A 1-Year Comparison Controlled Study
Behav Modif,
January 1, 2002;
26(1):
49 - 68.
[Abstract]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. Bertrand, A. Mars, C. Boyle, F. Bove, M. Yeargin-Allsopp, and P. Decoufle
Prevalence of Autism in a United States Population: The Brick Township, New Jersey, Investigation
Pediatrics,
November 1, 2001;
108(5):
1155 - 1161.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. I. Shevell, A. Majnemer, P. Rosenbaum, and M. Abrahamowicz
Profile of Referrals for Early Childhood Developmental Delay to Ambulatory Subspecialty Clinics
J Child Neurol,
September 1, 2001;
16(9):
645 - 650.
[Abstract]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. I. Shevell, A. Majnemer, P. Rosenbaum, and M. Abrahamowicz
Etiologic Yield of Autistic Spectrum Disorders: A Prospective Study
J Child Neurol,
July 1, 2001;
16(7):
509 - 512.
[Abstract]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. Chakrabarti and E. Fombonne
Pervasive Developmental Disorders in Preschool Children
JAMA,
June 27, 2001;
285(24):
3093 - 3099.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
K. Shah
What Do Medical Students Know about Autism?
Autism,
June 1, 2001;
5(2):
127 - 133.
[Abstract]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Committee on Children With Disabilities
Technical Report: The Pediatrician's Role in the Diagnosis and Management of Autistic Spectrum Disorder in Children
Pediatrics,
May 1, 2001;
107(5):
85e - 85.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
P. A. Filipek, P. J. Accardo, S. Ashwal, G. T. Baranek, E. H. Cook Jr., G. Dawson, B. Gordon, J. S. Gravel, C. P. Johnson, R. J. Kallen, et al.
Practice parameter: Screening and diagnosis of autism: Report of the Quality Standards Subcommittee of the American Academy of Neurology and the Child Neurology Society
Neurology,
August 22, 2000;
55(4):
468 - 479.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
K. Midence and M. O'neill
The Experience of Parents in the Diagnosis of Autism: A Pilot Study
Autism,
September 1, 1999;
3(3):
273 - 285.
[Abstract]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
R. Jordan and G. Jones
Review of Research into Educational Interventions for Children with Autism in the UK
Autism,
March 1, 1999;
3(1):
101 - 110.
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
P. Bernabei, L. Camaigni, and G. Levi
An Evaluation of Early Development in Children with Autism and Pervasive Developmental Disorders from Home Movies: Preliminary Findings
Autism,
September 1, 1998;
2(3):
243 - 258.
[Abstract]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
C. Jarrold and D. A. Routh
Is There Really a Link Between Engineering and Autism?: A Reply to Baron-Cohen et al., Autism, 1997, 1(1),101-9
Autism,
September 1, 1998;
2(3):
281 - 289.
[Abstract]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
P. Howlin
Information Update
Autism,
June 1, 1998;
2(2):
205 - 211.
|
|
|
|
